New Testament · Letter

Philippians 2

The Mind of Christ

The most important hymn in the New Testament. Christ emptied Himself, took the form of a servant, and went all the way to death.

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1If there be therefore any consolation in Christ, if any comfort of love, if any fellowship of the Spirit, if any bowels and mercies,

2Fulfil ye my joy, that ye be likeminded, having the same love, being of one accord, of one mind.

3Let nothing be done through strife or vainglory; but in lowliness of mind let each esteem other better than themselves.

4Look not every man on his own things, but every man also on the things of others.

5Let this mind be in you, which was also in Christ Jesus:

6Who, being in the form of God, thought it not robbery to be equal with God:

7But made himself of no reputation, and took upon him the form of a servant, and was made in the likeness of men:

8And being found in fashion as a man, he humbled himself, and became obedient unto death, even the death of the cross.

9Wherefore God also hath highly exalted him, and given him a name which is above every name:

10That at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, of things in heaven, and things in earth, and things under the earth;

11And that every tongue should confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father.

12Wherefore, my beloved, as ye have always obeyed, not as in my presence only, but now much more in my absence, work out your own salvation with fear and trembling.

13For it is God which worketh in you both to will and to do of his good pleasure.

14Do all things without murmurings and disputings:

15That ye may be blameless and harmless, the sons of God, without rebuke, in the midst of a crooked and perverse nation, among whom ye shine as lights in the world;

16Holding forth the word of life; that I may rejoice in the day of Christ, that I have not run in vain, neither laboured in vain.

17Yea, and if I be offered upon the sacrifice and service of your faith, I joy, and rejoice with you all.

18For the same cause also do ye joy, and rejoice with me.

19But I trust in the Lord Jesus to send Timotheus shortly unto you, that I also may be of good comfort, when I know your state.

20For I have no man likeminded, who will naturally care for your state.

21For all seek their own, not the things which are Jesus Christ’s.

22But ye know the proof of him, that, as a son with the father, he hath served with me in the gospel.

23Him therefore I hope to send presently, so soon as I shall see how it will go with me.

24But I trust in the Lord that I also myself shall come shortly.

25Yet I supposed it necessary to send to you Epaphroditus, my brother, and companion in labour, and fellowsoldier, but your messenger, and he that ministered to my wants.

26For he longed after you all, and was full of heaviness, because that ye had heard that he had been sick.

27For indeed he was sick nigh unto death: but God had mercy on him; and not on him only, but on me also, lest I should have sorrow upon sorrow.

28I sent him therefore the more carefully, that, when ye see him again, ye may rejoice, and that I may be the less sorrowful.

29Receive him therefore in the Lord with all gladness; and hold such in reputation:

30Because for the work of Christ he was nigh unto death, not regarding his life, to supply your lack of service toward me.

Understand This

Philippians 2, explained

What Philippians 2 is saying

Paul appeals for unity through the lens of the Christ Hymn (vv. 6–11), a pre-Pauline or Pauline composition depicting Christ’s kenosis—self-emptying from divine morphe to the form of a servant, obedient to death on a cross, followed by cosmic exaltation. This christological foundation undergirds practical ethics: the Philippians are to work out their salvation with reverence, knowing God energizes both will and action. Paul then commends Timothy and Epaphroditus as embodiments of this self-emptying ethic.

The background behind it

The Christ Hymn (carmen Christi) has generated extensive scholarly debate regarding its origin, structure, and theology. Its language of morphe theou and morphe doulou draws on both Jewish Wisdom traditions and Hellenistic categories, reflecting Philippi’s mixed cultural milieu.

Themes running underneath

Kenosis is the theological center—Christ’s voluntary descent becomes the paradigm for Christian community. The tension between divine initiative (‘God works in you’) and human responsibility (‘work out your salvation’) reflects Paul’s characteristic both/and soteriology.

Why it still matters

The hymn redefines power as self-giving love rather than self-assertion. Christian leaders and communities are challenged to evaluate whether their structures reflect the cruciform pattern of Jesus or the status-seeking patterns of the surrounding culture.

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Scripture text: King James Version — public domain.