New Testament · Gospel

Matthew 20

The Last Will Be First

Workers hired at day's end receive the same wage as those who sweated since dawn. God's generosity offends our scorekeeping instincts.

Berean Standard Bible BSB KJV

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1“For the kingdom of heaven is like a landowner who went out early in the morning to hire workers for his vineyard.

2He agreed to pay them a denarius for the day and sent them into his vineyard.

3About the third hour he went out and saw others standing in the marketplace doing nothing.

4‘You also go into my vineyard,’ he said, ‘and I will pay you whatever is right.’

5So they went.

6About the eleventh hour he went out and found still others standing around. ‘Why have you been standing here all day long doing nothing?’ he asked.

7‘Because no one has hired us,’ they answered.

8When evening came, the owner of the vineyard said to his foreman, ‘Call the workers and pay them their wages, starting with the last ones hired and moving on to the first.’

9The workers who were hired about the eleventh hour came and each received a denarius.

10So when the original workers came, they assumed they would receive more. But each of them also received a denarius.

11On receiving their pay, they began to grumble against the landowner.

12‘These men who were hired last worked only one hour,’ they said, ‘and you have made them equal to us who have borne the burden and the scorching heat of the day.’

13But he answered one of them, ‘Friend, I am not being unfair to you. Did you not agree with me on one denarius?

14Take your pay and go. I want to give this last man the same as I gave you.

15Do I not have the right to do as I please with what is mine? Or are you envious because I am generous?’

16So the last will be first, and the first will be last.”

17As Jesus was going up to Jerusalem, He took the twelve disciples aside and said,

18“Look, we are going up to Jerusalem, and the Son of Man will be delivered over to the chief priests and scribes. They will condemn Him to death

19and will deliver Him over to the Gentiles to be mocked and flogged and crucified. And on the third day He will be raised to life.”

20Then the mother of Zebedee’s sons came to Jesus with her sons and knelt down to make a request of Him.

21“What do you want?” He inquired.

22“You do not know what you are asking,” Jesus replied. “Can you drink the cup I am going to drink?”

23“You will indeed drink My cup,” Jesus said. “But to sit at My right or left is not Mine to grant. These seats belong to those for whom My Father has prepared them.”

24When the ten heard about this, they were indignant with the two brothers.

25But Jesus called them aside and said, “You know that the rulers of the Gentiles lord it over them, and their superiors exercise authority over them.

26It shall not be this way among you. Instead, whoever wants to become great among you must be your servant,

27and whoever wants to be first among you must be your slave—

28just as the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and to give His life as a ransom for many.”

29As they were leaving Jericho, a large crowd followed Him.

30And there were two blind men sitting beside the road. When they heard that Jesus was passing by, they cried out, “Lord, Son of David, have mercy on us!”

31The crowd admonished them to be silent, but they cried out all the louder, “Lord, Son of David, have mercy on us!”

32Jesus stopped and called them. “What do you want Me to do for you?” He asked.

33“Lord,” they answered, “let our eyes be opened.”

34Moved with compassion, Jesus touched their eyes, and at once they received their sight and followed Him.

Understand This

Matthew 20, explained

What Matthew 20 is saying

Jesus tells the parable of the vineyard workers, where those hired at the last hour receive the same wage as those who labored all day. He again predicts His death and resurrection. James and John's mother requests thrones for her sons; Jesus responds that greatness in His kingdom means servanthood. He heals two blind men outside Jericho who cry out despite the crowd's rebuke.

The background behind it

The denarius was a standard day's wage for laborers. The vineyard parable directly challenges the merit-based reward system assumed in much of Second Temple Judaism. The request for thrones reflects ongoing misunderstanding of messiahship in political-military terms. The Jericho healing occurs as Jesus approaches Jerusalem for the final time.

Themes running underneath

Grace operates outside the economy of merit—the landowner's generosity offends those who calculate their worth by comparison. Jesus redefines power as service, culminating in His self-description as one who came to serve and give His life as a ransom (lytron) for many. The blind men's persistent faith contrasts with the disciples' persistent misunderstanding.

Why it still matters

The parable of the workers challenges every impulse to compare spiritual resumes. Grace is either free or it is not grace. Jesus's model of servant leadership subverts every worldly power structure.

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Scripture text: Berean Standard Bible — used by permission, Bible Hub.