New Testament · Letter

Romans 10

The Word Is Near

Salvation is not far away or hard to reach. It's as close as your mouth and your heart. But how can they believe unless someone is sent?

Berean Standard Bible BSB KJV

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1Brothers, my heart’s desire and prayer to God for the Israelites is for their salvation.

2For I testify about them that they are zealous for God, but not on the basis of knowledge.

3Because they were ignorant of God’s righteousness and sought to establish their own, they did not submit to God’s righteousness.

4For Christ is the end of the law, to bring righteousness to everyone who believes.

5For concerning the righteousness that is by the law, Moses writes: “The man who does these things will live by them.”

6But the righteousness that is by faith says: “Do not say in your heart, ‘Who will ascend into heaven?’ (that is, to bring Christ down)

7or, ‘Who will descend into the Abyss?’ (that is, to bring Christ up from the dead).”

8But what does it say? “The word is near you; it is in your mouth and in your heart,” that is, the word of faith we are proclaiming:

9that if you confess with your mouth, “Jesus is Lord,” and believe in your heart that God raised Him from the dead, you will be saved.

10For with your heart you believe and are justified, and with your mouth you confess and are saved.

11It is just as the Scripture says: “Anyone who believes in Him will never be put to shame.”

12For there is no difference between Jew and Greek: The same Lord is Lord of all, and gives richly to all who call on Him,

13for, “Everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved.”

14How then can they call on the One in whom they have not believed? And how can they believe in the One of whom they have not heard? And how can they hear without someone to preach?

15And how can they preach unless they are sent? As it is written: “How beautiful are the feet of those who bring good news!”

16But not all of them welcomed the good news. For Isaiah says, “Lord, who has believed our message?”

17Consequently, faith comes by hearing, and hearing by the word of Christ.

18But I ask, did they not hear? Indeed they did: “Their voice has gone out into all the earth, their words to the ends of the world.”

19I ask instead, did Israel not understand? First, Moses says: “I will make you jealous by those who are not a nation; I will make you angry by a nation without understanding.”

20And Isaiah boldly says: “I was found by those who did not seek Me; I revealed Myself to those who did not ask for Me.”

21But as for Israel he says: “All day long I have held out My hands to a disobedient and obstinate people.”

Understand This

Romans 10, explained

What Romans 10 is saying

Paul expresses his heart's desire for Israel's salvation and diagnoses their failure: they pursued righteousness through law-keeping rather than receiving the righteousness that comes by faith. He quotes Deuteronomy 30:12–14 to argue that the 'word of faith' is near and accessible, crystallizing the gospel in the confession 'Jesus is Lord' and the belief that God raised him from the dead. The chapter develops the logic of mission: calling requires hearing, hearing requires preaching, and preaching requires sending.

The background behind it

Paul's use of Deuteronomy 30 employs a midrashic technique of creative reapplication—Moses spoke of Torah's accessibility, and Paul applies the same language to Christ. The confession 'Jesus is Lord' (kyrios Iēsous) was likely the earliest Christian creed, carrying profound implications in a Roman context where 'Caesar is Lord' (kyrios Kaisar) was a political loyalty oath.

Themes running underneath

Chapter 10 balances chapter 9's emphasis on divine sovereignty with human responsibility: Israel's failure is not merely divine hardening but their own pursuit of works-righteousness. The sending-preaching-hearing-believing-calling chain (10:14–15) provides the theological basis for Christian mission. Paul's citation of Isaiah 52:7 ('How beautiful are the feet of those who bring good news') connects the gospel to Isaiah's vision of Israel's redemption, now universalized.

Why it still matters

The simplicity of Paul's gospel formula—confess with your mouth, believe in your heart—has shaped Christian soteriology for millennia. The missionary logic of 10:14–15 continues to motivate cross-cultural evangelism and raises questions about the church's responsibility to those who have not heard.

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Scripture text: Berean Standard Bible — used by permission, Bible Hub.