New Testament · Letter

1 John 3

Children of God

See what great love the Father has lavished on us — that we should be called children of God. And that is what we are. Let us love not in word but in deed.

King James Version BSB KJV

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1Behold, what manner of love the Father hath bestowed upon us, that we should be called the sons of God: therefore the world knoweth us not, because it knew him not.

2Beloved, now are we the sons of God, and it doth not yet appear what we shall be: but we know that, when he shall appear, we shall be like him; for we shall see him as he is.

3And every man that hath this hope in him purifieth himself, even as he is pure.

4Whosoever committeth sin transgresseth also the law: for sin is the transgression of the law.

5And ye know that he was manifested to take away our sins; and in him is no sin.

6Whosoever abideth in him sinneth not: whosoever sinneth hath not seen him, neither known him.

7Little children, let no man deceive you: he that doeth righteousness is righteous, even as he is righteous.

8He that committeth sin is of the devil; for the devil sinneth from the beginning. For this purpose the Son of God was manifested, that he might destroy the works of the devil.

9Whosoever is born of God doth not commit sin; for his seed remaineth in him: and he cannot sin, because he is born of God.

10In this the children of God are manifest, and the children of the devil: whosoever doeth not righteousness is not of God, neither he that loveth not his brother.

11For this is the message that ye heard from the beginning, that we should love one another.

12Not as Cain, who was of that wicked one, and slew his brother. And wherefore slew he him? Because his own works were evil, and his brother’s righteous.

13Marvel not, my brethren, if the world hate you.

14We know that we have passed from death unto life, because we love the brethren. He that loveth not his brother abideth in death.

15Whosoever hateth his brother is a murderer: and ye know that no murderer hath eternal life abiding in him.

16Hereby perceive we the love of God, because he laid down his life for us: and we ought to lay down our lives for the brethren.

17But whoso hath this world’s good, and seeth his brother have need, and shutteth up his bowels of compassion from him, how dwelleth the love of God in him?

18My little children, let us not love in word, neither in tongue; but in deed and in truth.

19And hereby we know that we are of the truth, and shall assure our hearts before him.

20For if our heart condemn us, God is greater than our heart, and knoweth all things.

21Beloved, if our heart condemn us not, then have we confidence toward God.

22And whatsoever we ask, we receive of him, because we keep his commandments, and do those things that are pleasing in his sight.

23And this is his commandment, That we should believe on the name of his Son Jesus Christ, and love one another, as he gave us commandment.

24And he that keepeth his commandments dwelleth in him, and he in him. And hereby we know that he abideth in us, by the Spirit which he hath given us.

Understand This

1 John 3, explained

What 1 John 3 is saying

John marvels at the Father's lavish love in calling believers 'children of God'—and they truly are. The eschatological vision that 'when He appears, we shall be like Him' grounds present purification in future hope. Sin is defined as lawlessness (anomia), and the one born of God does not habitually practice sin because God's seed (sperma) remains in them. The chapter draws an absolute distinction between children of God and children of the devil, measured by righteous conduct and love. Cain serves as the paradigm of hatred; Christ's self-sacrifice defines love. Love must be expressed in tangible action, not merely words.

The background behind it

The stark dualism of 'children of God' versus 'children of the devil' reflects the community's crisis over the secessionists' departure. The Cain typology was widely developed in Jewish tradition as the prototype of murderous envy. The 'seed of God remaining' language has been variously interpreted as the Holy Spirit, the divine word, or the principle of regeneration.

Themes running underneath

The 'already-not yet' tension of realized and future eschatology is acute: believers are God's children now but await final transformation into Christ's likeness. The incompatibility of divine birth and habitual sin is not perfectionism but an assertion about the fundamental orientation of the regenerate person. Love as self-sacrifice (laying down one's life) provides the ethical content of what it means to be born of God.

Why it still matters

John's definition of love is ruthlessly practical: if you see a brother in need and do nothing, the love of God is not in you. This chapter strips away all sentimental or abstract definitions of love and insists on costly, material expression.

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Scripture text: King James Version — public domain.