What happened next. A frightened group in a room becomes a movement across an empire.
Luke's second volume opens with Jesus's post-resurrection appearances over forty days, during which he instructs the apostles about the kingdom of God and promises the baptism of the Holy Spirit. After his ascension from the Mount of Olives, the disciples return to Jerusalem and reconstitute the Twelve by selecting Matthias to replace Judas through the casting of lots.
The forty-day period echoes Moses on Sinai and Elijah's wilderness journey, establishing theological continuity with Israel's formative moments. The use of lot-casting (klēros) reflects an Old Testament practice (cf. Proverbs 16:33) that disappears from the church after Pentecost, suggesting a transitional period before the Spirit's direct guidance.
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