Old Testament · Law

Exodus 15

The Song of the Sea

The first song in the Bible. Israel stands on the far shore and sings — because what just happened was too big for prose.

Berean Standard Bible BSB KJV

1Then Moses and the Israelites sang this song to the LORD: “I will sing to the LORD, for He is highly exalted. The horse and rider He has thrown into the sea.

2The LORD is my strength and my song, and He has become my salvation. He is my God, and I will praise Him, my father’s God, and I will exalt Him.

3The LORD is a warrior, the LORD is His name.

4Pharaoh’s chariots and army He has cast into the sea; the finest of his officers are drowned in the Red Sea.

5The depths have covered them; they sank there like a stone.

6Your right hand, O LORD, is majestic in power; Your right hand, O LORD, has shattered the enemy.

7You overthrew Your adversaries by Your great majesty. You unleashed Your burning wrath; it consumed them like stubble.

8At the blast of Your nostrils the waters piled up; like a wall the currents stood firm; the depths congealed in the heart of the sea.

9The enemy declared, ‘I will pursue, I will overtake. I will divide the spoils; I will gorge myself on them. I will draw my sword; my hand will destroy them.’

10But You blew with Your breath, and the sea covered them. They sank like lead in the mighty waters.

11Who among the gods is like You, O LORD? Who is like You—majestic in holiness, revered with praises, performing wonders?

12You stretched out Your right hand, and the earth swallowed them up.

13With loving devotion You will lead the people You have redeemed; with Your strength You will guide them to Your holy dwelling.

14The nations will hear and tremble; anguish will grip the dwellers of Philistia.

15Then the chiefs of Edom will be dismayed; trembling will seize the leaders of Moab; those who dwell in Canaan will melt away,

16and terror and dread will fall on them. By the power of Your arm they will be as still as a stone until Your people pass by, O LORD, until the people You have bought pass by.

17You will bring them in and plant them on the mountain of Your inheritance— the place, O LORD, You have prepared for Your dwelling, the sanctuary, O Lord, Your hands have established.

18The LORD will reign forever and ever!”

19For when Pharaoh’s horses, chariots, and horsemen went into the sea, the LORD brought the waters of the sea back over them. But the Israelites walked through the sea on dry ground.

20Then Miriam the prophetess, Aaron’s sister, took a tambourine in her hand, and all the women followed her with tambourines and dancing.

21And Miriam sang back to them: “Sing to the LORD, for He is highly exalted; the horse and rider He has thrown into the sea.”

22Then Moses led Israel from the Red Sea, and they went out into the Desert of Shur. For three days they walked in the desert without finding water.

23And when they came to Marah, they could not drink the water there because it was bitter. (That is why it was named Marah.)

24So the people grumbled against Moses, saying, “What are we to drink?”

25And Moses cried out to the LORD, and the LORD showed him a log. And when he cast it into the waters, they were sweetened.

26saying, “If you will listen carefully to the voice of the LORD your God, and do what is right in His eyes, and pay attention to His commands, and keep all His statutes, then I will not bring on you any of the diseases I inflicted on the Egyptians. For I am the LORD who heals you.”

27Then they came to Elim, where there were twelve springs of water and seventy palm trees, and they camped there by the waters.

Understand This

Exodus 15, explained

What Exodus 15 is saying

Moses and Israel sing a victory hymn celebrating YHWH as a divine warrior who has cast horse and rider into the sea. The song moves from historical recollection to prophetic anticipation of God planting Israel at his holy mountain. Miriam leads the women in responsive song and dance. Soon after, the people grumble at Marah's bitter water, and God provides healing.

The background behind it

The Song of the Sea is regarded by many scholars as among the oldest poetry in the Hebrew Bible, potentially composed near the events it describes. Its archaic Hebrew forms and poetic structure support early dating. Miriam's designation as 'prophetess' is the first use of this title for a woman in Scripture.

Themes running underneath

The hymn establishes worship as the proper response to divine deliverance—theology expressed as doxology. The swift transition from ecstatic praise at the sea to bitter complaint at Marah introduces the wilderness pattern of faith and failure that will characterize Israel's journey.

Why it still matters

The jarring shift from praise to grumbling reveals how quickly spiritual highs can give way to daily frustration. The bitter-to-sweet transformation at Marah teaches that God meets us in our specific, mundane needs, not just in spectacular moments.

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Scripture text: Berean Standard Bible — used by permission, Bible Hub.