Old Testament · Law

Deuteronomy 16

Three Feasts

Passover, Weeks, Tabernacles. Three times a year, the people gather to remember what God has done — and celebrate who He is.

King James Version BSB KJV

1Observe the month of Abib, and keep the passover unto the LORD thy God: for in the month of Abib the LORD thy God brought thee forth out of Egypt by night.

2Thou shalt therefore sacrifice the passover unto the LORD thy God, of the flock and the herd, in the place which the LORD shall choose to place his name there.

3Thou shalt eat no leavened bread with it; seven days shalt thou eat unleavened bread therewith, even the bread of affliction; for thou camest forth out of the land of Egypt in haste: that thou mayest remember the day when thou camest forth out of the land of Egypt all the days of thy life.

4And there shall be no leavened bread seen with thee in all thy coast seven days; neither shall there any thing of the flesh, which thou sacrificedst the first day at even, remain all night until the morning.

5Thou mayest not sacrifice the passover within any of thy gates, which the LORD thy God giveth thee:

6But at the place which the LORD thy God shall choose to place his name in, there thou shalt sacrifice the passover at even, at the going down of the sun, at the season that thou camest forth out of Egypt.

7And thou shalt roast and eat it in the place which the LORD thy God shall choose: and thou shalt turn in the morning, and go unto thy tents.

8Six days thou shalt eat unleavened bread: and on the seventh day shall be a solemn assembly to the LORD thy God: thou shalt do no work therein.

9Seven weeks shalt thou number unto thee: begin to number the seven weeks from such time as thou beginnest to put the sickle to the corn.

10And thou shalt keep the feast of weeks unto the LORD thy God with a tribute of a freewill offering of thine hand, which thou shalt give unto the Lord thy God, according as the LORD thy God hath blessed thee:

11And thou shalt rejoice before the LORD thy God, thou, and thy son, and thy daughter, and thy manservant, and thy maidservant, and the Levite that is within thy gates, and the stranger, and the fatherless, and the widow, that are among you, in the place which the LORD thy God hath chosen to place his name there.

12And thou shalt remember that thou wast a bondman in Egypt: and thou shalt observe and do these statutes.

13Thou shalt observe the feast of tabernacles seven days, after that thou hast gathered in thy corn and thy wine:

14And thou shalt rejoice in thy feast, thou, and thy son, and thy daughter, and thy manservant, and thy maidservant, and the Levite, the stranger, and the fatherless, and the widow, that are within thy gates.

15Seven days shalt thou keep a solemn feast unto the LORD thy God in the place which the LORD shall choose: because the LORD thy God shall bless thee in all thine increase, and in all the works of thine hands, therefore thou shalt surely rejoice.

16Three times in a year shall all thy males appear before the LORD thy God in the place which he shall choose; in the feast of unleavened bread, and in the feast of weeks, and in the feast of tabernacles: and they shall not appear before the LORD empty:

17Every man shall give as he is able, according to the blessing of the LORD thy God which he hath given thee.

18Judges and officers shalt thou make thee in all thy gates, which the LORD thy God giveth thee, throughout thy tribes: and they shall judge the people with just judgment.

19Thou shalt not wrest judgment; thou shalt not respect persons, neither take a gift: for a gift doth blind the eyes of the wise, and pervert the words of the righteous.

20That which is altogether just shalt thou follow, that thou mayest live, and inherit the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee.

21Thou shalt not plant thee a grove of any trees near unto the altar of the LORD thy God, which thou shalt make thee.

22Neither shalt thou set thee up any image; which the LORD thy God hateth.

Understand This

Deuteronomy 16, explained

What Deuteronomy 16 is saying

Moses prescribes the three annual pilgrimage festivals—Passover/Unleavened Bread, the Feast of Weeks, and the Feast of Tabernacles—at which all Israelite males must appear before God. The chapter concludes with laws for appointing judges and prohibiting sacred pillars and Asherah poles.

The background behind it

The three pilgrimage festivals (shalosh regalim) structured Israel's agricultural and liturgical year around the Exodus narrative. Passover commemorates liberation, Weeks celebrates the firstfruits of harvest, and Tabernacles remembers the wilderness journey. The requirement to appear 'not empty-handed' links worship to generosity.

Themes running underneath

The festivals transform calendar time into sacred time, ensuring that the foundational story of liberation, provision, and pilgrimage is rehearsed across generations. The command to 'rejoice'—repeated for Weeks and Tabernacles—makes joy a covenant obligation. The justice laws at the chapter's end connect right worship to right governance.

Why it still matters

Joy is not an emotional bonus but a spiritual discipline. And the festivals' insistence on including servants, Levites, foreigners, orphans, and widows in the celebration means that joy hoarded is joy corrupted—true worship always overflows to others.

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Scripture text: King James Version — public domain.