Old Testament · Law

Deuteronomy 15

The Year of Release

Every seven years, debts are cancelled. Generosity isn't optional — it's structural. God builds freedom into the economy.

Berean Standard Bible BSB KJV

1At the end of every seven years you must cancel debts.

2This is the manner of remission: Every creditor shall cancel what he has loaned to his neighbor. He is not to collect anything from his neighbor or brother, because the LORD’s time of release has been proclaimed.

3You may collect something from a foreigner, but you must forgive whatever your brother owes you.

4There will be no poor among you, however, because the LORD will surely bless you in the land that the LORD your God is giving you to possess as an inheritance,

5if only you obey the LORD your God and are careful to follow all these commandments I am giving you today.

6When the LORD your God blesses you as He has promised, you will lend to many nations but borrow from none; you will rule over many nations but be ruled by none.

7If there is a poor man among your brothers within any of the gates in the land that the LORD your God is giving you, then you are not to harden your heart or shut your hand from your poor brother.

8Instead, you are to open your hand to him and freely loan him whatever he needs.

9Be careful not to harbor this wicked thought in your heart: “The seventh year, the year of release, is near,” so that you look upon your poor brother begrudgingly and give him nothing. He will cry out to the LORD against you, and you will be guilty of sin.

10Give generously to him, and do not let your heart be grieved when you do so. And because of this the LORD your God will bless you in all your work and in everything to which you put your hand.

11For there will never cease to be poor in the land; that is why I am commanding you to open wide your hand to your brother and to the poor and needy in your land.

12If a fellow Hebrew, a man or a woman, is sold to you and serves you six years, then in the seventh year you must set him free.

13And when you release him, do not send him away empty-handed.

14You are to furnish him liberally from your flock, your threshing floor, and your winepress. You shall give to him as the LORD your God has blessed you.

15Remember that you were slaves in the land of Egypt, and the LORD your God redeemed you; that is why I am giving you this command today.

16But if your servant says to you, ‘I do not want to leave you,’ because he loves you and your household and is well off with you,

17then take an awl and pierce it through his ear into the door, and he will become your servant for life. And treat your maidservant the same way.

18Do not regard it as a hardship to set your servant free, because his six years of service were worth twice the wages of a hired hand. And the LORD your God will bless you in all you do.

19You must set apart to the LORD your God every firstborn male produced by your herds and flocks. You are not to put the firstborn of your oxen to work, nor are you to shear the firstborn of your flock.

20Each year you and your household are to eat it before the LORD your God in the place the LORD will choose.

21But if an animal has a defect, is lame or blind, or has any serious flaw, you must not sacrifice it to the LORD your God.

22Eat it within your gates; both the ceremonially unclean and clean may eat it as they would a gazelle or a deer.

23But you must not eat the blood; pour it on the ground like water.

Understand This

Deuteronomy 15, explained

What Deuteronomy 15 is saying

Every seventh year, debts are to be released, creating a cyclical economic reset. Moses commands radical generosity toward the poor, warning against the 'base thought' of withholding loans as the sabbatical year approaches. Hebrew slaves must be freed in the seventh year and sent away generously provisioned.

The background behind it

The sabbatical debt release (shemittah) and slave manumission laws represent one of the ancient world's most radical economic visions. Whether fully practiced is debated, but Jeremiah 34 records a failed attempt at implementation, and Nehemiah 10:31 shows post-exilic recommitment to the principle.

Themes running underneath

Economic justice is not optional charity but covenant obligation. The 'base thought' warning (v. 9) reveals that God is concerned not just with actions but with the internal dispositions that govern economic behavior. The slave release laws ground economic ethics in Israel's own liberation: 'Remember, you were a slave in Egypt.'

Why it still matters

Generosity that calculates self-interest before acting is precisely what this chapter condemns. The sabbatical principle challenges economic systems built on perpetual debt and invites radical imagination about what a just economy might look like.

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Scripture text: Berean Standard Bible — used by permission, Bible Hub.