Old Testament · Law

Numbers 27

Zelophehad's Daughters

Five sisters challenge an inheritance law — and win. God updates the rules to include them. Justice and courage in five voices.

Berean Standard Bible BSB KJV

1Now the daughters of Zelophehad son of Hepher, the son of Gilead, the son of Machir, the son of Manasseh, belonged to the clans of Manasseh son of Joseph. These were the names of his daughters: Mahlah, Noah, Hoglah, Milcah, and Tirzah. They approached

2the entrance to the Tent of Meeting, stood before Moses, Eleazar the priest, the leaders, and the whole congregation, and said,

3“Our father died in the wilderness, but he was not among the followers of Korah who gathered together against the LORD. Instead, he died because of his own sin, and he had no sons.

4Why should the name of our father disappear from his clan because he had no sons? Give us property among our father’s brothers.”

5So Moses brought their case before the LORD,

6and the LORD answered him,

7“The daughters of Zelophehad speak correctly. You certainly must give them property as an inheritance among their father’s brothers and transfer their father’s inheritance to them.

8Furthermore, you shall say to the Israelites, ‘If a man dies and leaves no son, you are to transfer his inheritance to his daughter.

9If he has no daughter, give his inheritance to his brothers.

10If he has no brothers, give his inheritance to his father’s brothers.

11And if his father has no brothers, give his inheritance to the next of kin from his clan, that he may take possession of it. This is to be a statutory ordinance for the Israelites, as the LORD has commanded Moses.’”

12Then the LORD said to Moses, “Go up this mountain of the Abarim range and see the land that I have given the Israelites.

13After you have seen it, you too will be gathered to your people, as your brother Aaron was;

14for when the congregation contended in the Wilderness of Zin, both of you rebelled against My command to show My holiness in their sight regarding the waters.” Those were the waters of Meribah in Kadesh, in the Wilderness of Zin.

15So Moses appealed to the LORD,

16“May the LORD, the God of the spirits of all flesh, appoint a man over the congregation

17who will go out and come in before them, and who will lead them out and bring them in, so that the congregation of the LORD will not be like sheep without a shepherd.”

18And the LORD replied to Moses, “Take Joshua son of Nun, a man with the Spirit in him, and lay your hands on him.

19Have him stand before Eleazar the priest and the whole congregation, and commission him in their sight.

20Confer on him some of your authority, so that the whole congregation of Israel will obey him.

21He shall stand before Eleazar the priest, who will seek counsel for him before the LORD by the judgment of the Urim. At his command, he and all the Israelites with him—the entire congregation—will go out and come in.”

22Moses did as the LORD had commanded him. He took Joshua, had him stand before Eleazar the priest and the whole congregation,

23and laid his hands on him and commissioned him, as the LORD had instructed through Moses.

Understand This

Numbers 27, explained

What Numbers 27 is saying

The five daughters of Zelophehad petition for their deceased father's land inheritance, arguing that his name should not be lost simply because he had no sons. God affirms their claim and establishes a new inheritance law. Moses is then told he will see the promised land from a mountain but not enter it, and Joshua is publicly commissioned as his successor.

The background behind it

The Zelophehad case represents a landmark legal precedent in ancient Near Eastern property law, and it is revisited in Numbers 36. Moses' commissioning of Joshua through the laying on of hands (semikah) establishes a succession model that carries through Jewish and Christian ordination traditions.

Themes running underneath

The daughters' petition demonstrates that the law can develop in response to righteous appeals—justice sometimes requires precedent to be expanded rather than rigidly applied. Moses' gracious acceptance of his replacement and his concern for the people's welfare over his own legacy models selfless leadership.

Why it still matters

Speaking up for what is right, even when precedent is against you, can change the future for everyone who comes after. And Moses' willingness to prepare his successor rather than cling to power remains one of the great examples of leadership humility.

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Scripture text: Berean Standard Bible — used by permission, Bible Hub.