Old Testament · Wisdom

Job 39

The Wild Donkey and the War Horse

God surveys the animal kingdom — creatures Job has never tamed, never fed, never even seen. The world doesn't revolve around human understanding.

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1Knowest thou the time when the wild goats of the rock bring forth? or canst thou mark when the hinds do calve?

2Canst thou number the months that they fulfil? or knowest thou the time when they bring forth?

3They bow themselves, they bring forth their young ones, they cast out their sorrows.

4Their young ones are in good liking, they grow up with corn; they go forth, and return not unto them.

5Who hath sent out the wild ass free? or who hath loosed the bands of the wild ass?

6Whose house I have made the wilderness, and the barren land his dwellings.

7He scorneth the multitude of the city, neither regardeth he the crying of the driver.

8The range of the mountains is his pasture, and he searcheth after every green thing.

9Will the unicorn be willing to serve thee, or abide by thy crib?

10Canst thou bind the unicorn with his band in the furrow? or will he harrow the valleys after thee?

11Wilt thou trust him, because his strength is great? or wilt thou leave thy labour to him?

12Wilt thou believe him, that he will bring home thy seed, and gather it into thy barn?

13Gavest thou the goodly wings unto the peacocks? or wings and feathers unto the ostrich?

14Which leaveth her eggs in the earth, and warmeth them in dust,

15And forgetteth that the foot may crush them, or that the wild beast may break them.

16She is hardened against her young ones, as though they were not hers: her labour is in vain without fear;

17Because God hath deprived her of wisdom, neither hath he imparted to her understanding.

18What time she lifteth up herself on high, she scorneth the horse and his rider.

19Hast thou given the horse strength? hast thou clothed his neck with thunder?

20Canst thou make him afraid as a grasshopper? the glory of his nostrils is terrible.

21He paweth in the valley, and rejoiceth in his strength: he goeth on to meet the armed men.

22He mocketh at fear, and is not affrighted; neither turneth he back from the sword.

23The quiver rattleth against him, the glittering spear and the shield.

24He swalloweth the ground with fierceness and rage: neither believeth he that it is the sound of the trumpet.

25He saith among the trumpets, Ha, ha; and he smelleth the battle afar off, the thunder of the captains, and the shouting.

26Doth the hawk fly by thy wisdom, and stretch her wings toward the south?

27Doth the eagle mount up at thy command, and make her nest on high?

28She dwelleth and abideth on the rock, upon the crag of the rock, and the strong place.

29From thence she seeketh the prey, and her eyes behold afar off.

30Her young ones also suck up blood: and where the slain are, there is she.

Understand This

Job 39, explained

What Job 39 is saying

God continues His interrogation with a survey of the wild animal kingdom: mountain goats giving birth, wild donkeys roaming free, the untameable wild ox, the ostrich's strange parenting, the war horse's fearless charge, and the hawk and eagle soaring above. Each creature exists beyond human control or comprehension, sustained by divine wisdom alone.

The background behind it

The animals described inhabit the wilderness beyond human settlement—the wild donkey, the wild ox (possibly the auroch), and the ostrich represent creatures that resist domestication. The war horse passage (vv. 19-25) is considered one of the finest pieces of animal poetry in world literature.

Themes running underneath

God's animal catalogue demonstrates that creation operates according to divine purposes that have nothing to do with human utility. The wild donkey laughs at the city; the ostrich is endowed with speed rather than wisdom. God sustains a world of magnificent creatures that serve no human agenda, revealing a creation centered on divine delight rather than human need.

Why it still matters

God's attention to creatures that serve no human purpose challenges anthropocentric theology. The wild world reminds us that God's purposes are broader than human welfare, and that divine wisdom operates in domains we cannot manage or fully understand.

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Scripture text: King James Version — public domain.