Old Testament · Wisdom

Ecclesiastes 3

A Time for Everything

A time to be born and a time to die. Twenty-eight seasons paired in poetry so perfect it has outlived every culture that's read it.

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1To every thing there is a season, and a time to every purpose under the heaven:

2A time to be born, and a time to die; a time to plant, and a time to pluck up that which is planted;

3A time to kill, and a time to heal; a time to break down, and a time to build up;

4A time to weep, and a time to laugh; a time to mourn, and a time to dance;

5A time to cast away stones, and a time to gather stones together; a time to embrace, and a time to refrain from embracing;

6A time to get, and a time to lose; a time to keep, and a time to cast away;

7A time to rend, and a time to sew; a time to keep silence, and a time to speak;

8A time to love, and a time to hate; a time of war, and a time of peace.

9What profit hath he that worketh in that wherein he laboureth?

10I have seen the travail, which God hath given to the sons of men to be exercised in it.

11He hath made every thing beautiful in his time: also he hath set the world in their heart, so that no man can find out the work that God maketh from the beginning to the end.

12I know that there is no good in them, but for a man to rejoice, and to do good in his life.

13And also that every man should eat and drink, and enjoy the good of all his labour, it is the gift of God.

14I know that, whatsoever God doeth, it shall be for ever: nothing can be put to it, nor any thing taken from it: and God doeth it, that men should fear before him.

15That which hath been is now; and that which is to be hath already been; and God requireth that which is past.

16And moreover I saw under the sun the place of judgment, that wickedness was there; and the place of righteousness, that iniquity was there.

17I said in mine heart, God shall judge the righteous and the wicked: for there is a time there for every purpose and for every work.

18I said in mine heart concerning the estate of the sons of men, that God might manifest them, and that they might see that they themselves are beasts.

19For that which befalleth the sons of men befalleth beasts; even one thing befalleth them: as the one dieth, so dieth the other; yea, they have all one breath; so that a man hath no preeminence above a beast: for all is vanity.

20All go unto one place; all are of the dust, and all turn to dust again.

21Who knoweth the spirit of man that goeth upward, and the spirit of the beast that goeth downward to the earth?

22Wherefore I perceive that there is nothing better, than that a man should rejoice in his own works; for that is his portion: for who shall bring him to see what shall be after him?

Understand This

Ecclesiastes 3, explained

What Ecclesiastes 3 is saying

The famous poem 'for everything there is a season' catalogues fourteen pairs of opposites spanning human experience. Qoheleth observes that God has set 'eternity in the human heart' yet prevents full comprehension of His work. He again commends enjoyment and notes that God's purposes include testing humanity.

The background behind it

The time poem's structure of merisms (paired opposites) is a Hebrew literary convention for expressing totality. The concept of 'eternity in the heart' (olam b'libbam) has generated extensive interpretive debate—it may mean an awareness of transcendence that remains frustratingly incomplete.

Themes running underneath

God's sovereignty encompasses every season of life, both pleasant and painful. The tension between having eternity planted in the heart and being unable to grasp God's full plan encapsulates Ecclesiastes' theological core: humanity is made for more than it can comprehend or achieve.

Why it still matters

The seasonal framework offers profound comfort in times of loss—these are appointed times, not random chaos. Yet it also demands patience: not every season is harvest; some are for tearing down, mourning, and waiting.

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Scripture text: King James Version — public domain.