Old Testament · Law

Deuteronomy 27

Stones and Curses

Whitewashed stones inscribed with the law. Twelve curses read from Mount Ebal. The covenant demands a response — and silence means consent.

King James Version BSB KJV

1And Moses with the elders of Israel commanded the people, saying, Keep all the commandments which I command you this day.

2And it shall be on the day when ye shall pass over Jordan unto the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee, that thou shalt set thee up great stones, and plaister them with plaister:

3And thou shalt write upon them all the words of this law, when thou art passed over, that thou mayest go in unto the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee, a land that floweth with milk and honey; as the LORD God of thy fathers hath promised thee.

4Therefore it shall be when ye be gone over Jordan, that ye shall set up these stones, which I command you this day, in mount Ebal, and thou shalt plaister them with plaister.

5And there shalt thou build an altar unto the LORD thy God, an altar of stones: thou shalt not lift up any iron tool upon them.

6Thou shalt build the altar of the LORD thy God of whole stones: and thou shalt offer burnt offerings thereon unto the LORD thy God:

7And thou shalt offer peace offerings, and shalt eat there, and rejoice before the LORD thy God.

8And thou shalt write upon the stones all the words of this law very plainly.

9And Moses and the priests the Levites spake unto all Israel, saying, Take heed, and hearken, O Israel; this day thou art become the people of the LORD thy God.

10Thou shalt therefore obey the voice of the LORD thy God, and do his commandments and his statutes, which I command thee this day.

11And Moses charged the people the same day, saying,

12These shall stand upon mount Gerizim to bless the people, when ye are come over Jordan; Simeon, and Levi, and Judah, and Issachar, and Joseph, and Benjamin:

13And these shall stand upon mount Ebal to curse; Reuben, Gad, and Asher, and Zebulun, Dan, and Naphtali.

14And the Levites shall speak, and say unto all the men of Israel with a loud voice,

15Cursed be the man that maketh any graven or molten image, an abomination unto the LORD, the work of the hands of the craftsman, and putteth it in a secret place. And all the people shall answer and say, Amen.

16Cursed be he that setteth light by his father or his mother. And all the people shall say, Amen.

17Cursed be he that removeth his neighbour’s landmark. And all the people shall say, Amen.

18Cursed be he that maketh the blind to wander out of the way. And all the people shall say, Amen.

19Cursed be he that perverteth the judgment of the stranger, fatherless, and widow. And all the people shall say, Amen.

20Cursed be he that lieth with his father’s wife; because he uncovereth his father’s skirt. And all the people shall say, Amen.

21Cursed be he that lieth with any manner of beast. And all the people shall say, Amen.

22Cursed be he that lieth with his sister, the daughter of his father, or the daughter of his mother. And all the people shall say, Amen.

23Cursed be he that lieth with his mother in law. And all the people shall say, Amen.

24Cursed be he that smiteth his neighbour secretly. And all the people shall say, Amen.

25Cursed be he that taketh reward to slay an innocent person. And all the people shall say, Amen.

26Cursed be he that confirmeth not all the words of this law to do them. And all the people shall say, Amen.

Understand This

Deuteronomy 27, explained

What Deuteronomy 27 is saying

Moses commands that upon entering the land, Israel must set up large stones coated with plaster and inscribe the law on them at Mount Ebal. An altar of uncut stones is to be built there. The Levites are then to pronounce twelve curses from Mount Ebal, each addressing a hidden or private sin, to which all the people must respond 'Amen.'

The background behind it

The Ebal-Gerizim ceremony creates a dramatic covenant-renewal liturgy at the geographic center of the promised land. Archaeological excavations on Mount Ebal by Adam Zertal uncovered a possible early Israelite altar site, though its identification remains debated. The twelve curses target sins committed in secret—those that escape human courts.

Themes running underneath

The curses address what happens behind closed doors: secret idolatry, dishonoring parents, moving boundary stones, misleading the blind, perverting justice for the vulnerable, and sexual sins. The public 'Amen' to private sins creates communal accountability for individual behavior. Writing the law on stones at the land's entrance declares that the territory belongs to God's word.

Why it still matters

Integrity is who you are when no one is watching. These curses target precisely the sins that evade human detection, reminding us that God sees what courts do not. The public 'Amen' means the community accepts responsibility for upholding standards even in private.

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Scripture text: King James Version — public domain.