Old Testament · Law

Deuteronomy 10

What God Requires

Circumcise your hearts. Fear the Lord. Walk in His ways. Love Him. Serve Him. It's everything — and it starts inside.

Berean Standard Bible BSB KJV

1At that time the LORD said to me, “Chisel out two stone tablets like the originals, come up to Me on the mountain, and make an ark of wood.

2And I will write on the tablets the words that were on the first tablets, which you broke; and you are to place them in the ark.”

3So I made an ark of acacia wood, chiseled out two stone tablets like the originals, and went up the mountain with the two tablets in my hands.

4And the LORD wrote on the tablets what had been written previously, the Ten Commandments that He had spoken to you on the mountain out of the fire on the day of the assembly. The LORD gave them to me,

5and I went back down the mountain and placed the tablets in the ark I had made, as the LORD had commanded me; and there they have remained.

6The Israelites traveled from Beeroth Bene-jaakan to Moserah, where Aaron died and was buried, and Eleazar his son succeeded him as priest.

7From there they traveled to Gudgodah, and from Gudgodah to Jotbathah, a land with streams of water.

8At that time the LORD set apart the tribe of Levi to carry the ark of the covenant of the LORD, to stand before the LORD to serve Him, and to pronounce blessings in His name, as they do to this day.

9That is why Levi has no portion or inheritance among his brothers; the LORD is his inheritance, as the LORD your God promised him.

10I stayed on the mountain forty days and forty nights, like the first time, and that time the LORD again listened to me and agreed not to destroy you.

11Then the LORD said to me, “Get up. Continue your journey ahead of the people, that they may enter and possess the land that I swore to their fathers to give them.”

12And now, O Israel, what does the LORD your God ask of you but to fear the LORD your God by walking in all His ways, to love Him, to serve the LORD your God with all your heart and with all your soul,

13and to keep the commandments and statutes of the LORD that I am giving you this day for your own good?

14Behold, to the LORD your God belong the heavens, even the highest heavens, and the earth and everything in it.

15Yet the LORD has set His affection on your fathers and loved them. And He has chosen you, their descendants after them, above all the peoples, even to this day.

16Circumcise your hearts, therefore, and stiffen your necks no more.

17For the LORD your God is God of gods and Lord of lords, the great, mighty, and awesome God, showing no partiality and accepting no bribe.

18He executes justice for the fatherless and widow, and He loves the foreigner, giving him food and clothing.

19So you also must love the foreigner, since you yourselves were foreigners in the land of Egypt.

20You are to fear the LORD your God and serve Him. Hold fast to Him and take your oaths in His name.

21He is your praise and He is your God, who has done for you these great and awesome wonders that your eyes have seen.

22Your fathers went down to Egypt, seventy in all, and now the LORD your God has made you as numerous as the stars in the sky.

Understand This

Deuteronomy 10, explained

What Deuteronomy 10 is saying

Moses recounts the making of the second set of stone tablets and the construction of the ark to house them. He then delivers one of the most comprehensive summaries of what God requires: 'Fear the LORD your God, walk in all His ways, love Him, serve Him with all your heart and soul, and keep His commandments.' God is described as the impartial champion of orphans, widows, and foreigners.

The background behind it

The restoration of the tablets after the golden calf incident symbolizes covenant renewal—God gives second chances. The description of God as one who 'loves the foreigner' (ger) and provides food and clothing for them reflects Deuteronomy's consistent social ethic that connects worship of God to care for the vulnerable.

Themes running underneath

What God requires is comprehensive but unified: reverence, obedience, love, and service flowing from the heart. God's own character—His justice, impartiality, and care for the marginalized—becomes the standard for Israel's behavior. 'Circumcise the foreskin of your heart' introduces an internalization of covenant that the prophets will develop extensively.

Why it still matters

God's concern for the vulnerable is not a social program appended to theology—it flows directly from His character. To love God and ignore the orphan, widow, or foreigner is a contradiction the Bible will not allow.

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Scripture text: Berean Standard Bible — used by permission, Bible Hub.